- Interpretation Of Quran / The long version
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- (112) Al-Ekhlas
The Noble Qur'an was descended in three forms:
Dear brother, the Surah of today is Al-Ikhlas,and by Allah, I have not fear explaining any Surah like the fear of explaining this one, because it is equal to the one third of the Noble Qur'an, and it speaks about Allah the Exalted and Glorious, Allah the Almighty says:
"Say (O Muhammad[Peace be upon him]):"He is Allah (the) One.* Allah-us-Samad [Allah the Self Sufficient Master, Whom all creatures need, (He neither eats nor drinks)].* He begets not, nor was He begotten.** And there is none co-equal or comparable unto Him."
This great surah has many names; Al-Ikhlas (the purity), At-Tawhid ( the doctrine of Oneness of Allah), At-Tajrid (Allah the Exalted is far above the attributes of human beings), At-Tafrid (declaring that none of the Attributes of Allah resembles those of human beings), Al –Jamal (Beauty), all these are great names for this Surah. Actually, the Prophet,may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to reauthor it with surah Al-Kafirun (the Disbelievers) in the sunnah (two emphasized raka'hs) of the dawn prayer ( Salat al-Fajr), it was said: the Qura'n was descended in three forms, or divisions, one speaks about al-Ahkam( laws or rules), the second is promises and menaces, and the last third speaks about the Virtue Attributes and Beautiful Names of Allah, the Great and Almighty, and this Surah encompases the last division (or part). Consider the Noble Hadith below:Abu Said Al-Khudri narrated:
The Prophet said to his companions, "Is it difficult for any of you to reauthor one third of the Qur'an in one night?" This suggestion was difficult for them so they said, "Who among us has the power to do so, O Allah's Messenger?" Allah Messenger replied: " Allah (the) One, the Self-Sufficient Master Whom all creatures need.' (Surat Al-Ikhlas 112.1--to the End) is equal to one third of the Qur'an."
Some Prophetic Ahadith about of this Surah:
" Abu Said Al-Khudri narrated:A man heard another man reciting (Surat-Al-Ikhlas) 'Say He is Allah, (the) One.' (112. 1) repeatedly. The next morning he came to Allah's Messenger and informed him about it as if he thought that it was not enough to reauthor (by itself). On that Allah's Messenger said, "By Him in Whose Hand my soul (life)is, this Surah is equal to one-third of the Qur'an!"
"Narrated Anas ibn Malek: an Ansari man used to be the imam of Quba' Mosque, and he used to reauthor in the prayer a surah, and he reauthors "Say He is Allah (the ) One till he finishes it, then he reauthors another surah with it, and he makes this in every rak'ah, his friends soke with him about this, they said: you reauthor this surah, and you do not see that it is enough until you reauthor another surah (chapter), so you should either reauthor it (alone) or you leave it, and reauthor another surah, he said: if you like me to be your imam, it will do, and I will not leave (reciting) it, and if you dislike, I leave you ( no longer be your imam), they saw that he is the best of them and hated that anyone else (other than him) be their imam, when the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to them, they told him about that, he said:' O so –and –so what did prevent you from doing what your companions(friends) ask to do, and what did make you to reauthor this surah in every raka'h', he said: O Allah's Messenger, I love it. Allah 's Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "Your love to it, (will) enter you the Paradise"
And:"Mubarak ibn Fudala narrated from Thabit from Anas that a man said: O Allah's Messenger, I love (reciting) this surah" Say (O Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "He is Allah (the) One. ", He (the Prophet) said: verily, your love to it (will) enter you the Paradise "
" Ukba ibn 'Amer said, (once)I met Allah's Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, I welcomed him and took his hand then I said: O Allah's Messenger, what is the escape from this matter? He said:' O Ukba, guard your tongue, and let your house be sufficient for you, and cry for your sin(s)', then he said (Ukba):Allah's Messenger,may Allah bless him and grant him peace, met me, he welcomed me and took my hand, then he said:' O Ukba ibn 'Amer, would you like I teach you about the best three surahs(chapters) that have ever been descended in the Torah, Injeel (Gospel) Zabur (Psalms) and in the Great Furqan (Our'an)', he said: I said: yes, May Allah make myself ransom you, he said: he (the Prophet) reauthord to me "Say He is Allah, the One" and " Say I seek refuge with (Allah) the Lord of daybreak" and " Say I seek refuge with (Allah) the Lord of mankind", then he said:' O Ukba, do not forget them, and do not go to your bed till you reauthor them', he (ukba) said: I haven't ever forgotten them since he said to me do not forget them, and I haven't ever gone to my bed without reciting them, Ukba said: then I met Allah's Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,, I welcomed him and took his hand then I said: O Allah's Messenger, tell me about the best of the works(deeds), he said:' O Ukba, join whom he severed the bond of kinship( from your relatives), and give whom he denied you, and turn away from who he oppressed (wronged) you"
These are some of the Noble Prophetic Ahadith that show the greatness of this Surah.This Surah describes Allah, His Oneness, and His Self-Sufficiency:
However, the question that arises here is: what is the secret (aspect) of this greatness ? and where does this greatness lie? I say, asking Allah's Help,: This Surah describes Allah the Exalted and Glorious, describes His Oneness and His Samad'yyah, and His Incomparability. In fact, there are details for this subject; our Lord said to His Prophet,may Allah bless him and grant him peace,:" Say:"He is Allah (the) One."
As an answer to the question of some infidels, who said to the Prophet: O Muhammad, describe your Lord to us?! Is He from gold or copper? This is the reason of descending of His Saying:"Say (O Muhammad[.b.u.h]):"He is Allah (the) One.* Allah-us-Samad [Allah the Self Sufficient Master, Whom all creatures need, (He neither eats nor drinks)].* He begets not, nor was He begotten.* And there is none co-equal or comparable unto Him."
And another group of them came to the Prophet and said to him: O Muhammad, mention the lineage of your Lord to us?!! Then His Saying was descended:"Say (O Muhammad[.b.u.h]):"He is Allah (the) One.* Allah-us-Samad [Allah the Self Sufficient Master, Whom all creatures need, (He neither eats nor drinks)]."
Some commentators on the Noble Qur'an said that this Surah had been sent down several time, whenever the occasion repeated, some said: it is a Makki (surah)[ Makki refers to the Surah which was descended on the Prophet when he was in Mecca (Makkah) ]and some said: it is a Madani one [was descended when the Prophet was in Medina].The pronoun (He) refers the word before:
Huwa (He) is a pronoun [Huwa in Arabic means "that"), and all the pronouns belong to what is mentioned before, you say: Zaid came and ate his food, "his" belongs(refers) to Zaid, except this pronoun "Huwa", here means "He", which refers to what is mentioned later, to denote to great thing or news, that everybody knows it."Say "That (this Quir'an) is a great news,"
And the word "Say" is a Devine Command to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to call whom are around him to dedicate their worship to Allah alone, and to deliver this message literally to them, according to the Qudsi * Hadith below:" Verily, Ruh-ul-Qudus[Jibrael(Gabriel)] has breathed into my heart (inspired to me) that no soul dies until it consumes its (whole)provision*
*The Qudsi Hadith is the Hadith in which the Prophet says that Allah says so and so, the meaning of this hadith was revealed to the Prophet and he put it in his own words, unlike the Qur'an which is the Words of Allah, and the Prophet conveyed it exactly as it was revealed to himRuh-ul-Qudus (Gabriel) inspired to the Prophet, then he uttered (or expressed) what Ruh-ul-Qudus had already inspired to him, this is what distinguishes the Qudsi Hadith from the Noble Qur'an, which was arranged completely with its letters, words, details, the order of its surahs (chapters), from Allah, as regardstext and meaning, and this Surah confirms that meaning:
"Say (O Muhammad (Peace be upon him)): "He is Allah, (the) One."
The merit of the Best Names of Allah: As regards the word " Allah", some Scholars said: it is a proper noun which refers to the One Who definitely exists; who is Allah (God) the Exalted and Glorious, and Allah has many Names derived from His Acts (Deeds), and another Names denote to His Self. Other scholars said: He has Qualities. I In fact, every quality is acquired, you say, for example, so and so is generous, his generosity is derived (acquired) from Allah [ i.e. it is a gift from Allah], so this generosity is a human quality, unlike the Generosity of Allah the Great and Almighty, which is encompassed in His Self, and it (the name "Allah") is one of the Best (Beautiful) Names of Allah, hence Allah the Almighty says:"And (all) the Most Beautiful Names belong to Allah, so call on Him by them, and leave the company of those who belie or deny (or utter impious speech against) His Names. They will be requited for what they used to do."
And, as well, when you say: so and so is a rich, this is a quality, but when you say: The Rich, it is a one of Best Names of Allah such as: The All-Powerful, The All-Hearer, The All-Seer, The Truth, and The All-Wise, and it was mentioned in some of the Prophetic Ahadith:" Abu Huraira narrated:
"Allah's Messenger said, "Allah has ninety-nine names, i.e. one-hundred minus one, and whoever knows them will go to Paradise."
And also he (Abu Huraira) narrated: Allah's Messenger said, "Allah has ninety-nine names, i.e. one-hundred minus one, and whoever knows them will go to Paradise, He is Allah, beside Whom La ilaha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He)the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, the King, the Holy, the One Free from defects, the Giver of security, the Watcher over His creatures, the All-Mighty, the Compeller, the Supreme, the Creator, the Inventor of all things, the Bestower of forms, the Oft-Forgiving, the Irresistible, the Bestower, the All-Provider, the Just Judge, the All-Knower,the Decreaser,the Increaser, the All-Hearer, the All-Seer, the Ever Most Courteous (Kind), the All-Aware, the Most Forbearing, the Most Great, the Oft –Forgiving, the Most High, the All-Appreciative, the Guardian, the Ever All Able to do everything, the Ever a Careful Account Taker( of all things ), the Most Generous, the All-Watcher, the Best Answerer, the All-Sufficient (for His creatures' need), the All-Wise, Full of love, the Glorious, the Ever Witness (over all things),the Truth, the All-Strong, the Best Disposer of affairs, the Wali (Helper, Supporter, Protector, Lord), Worthy of all Praise, the Oft-Pardoning, Full of Kindness, the First (nothing is before Him), the Last( nothing is after Him), the Most High (nothing is above Him), the Most Near (nothing is nearer than Him),the Possessor of the kingdom, Full of Majesty and Honor, the Rich(Free of all needs)
Comprehending the Names of Allah fully admits you in Paradise:
Beware not to understand that whoever reads or memorizes or arranges or numbers them will enter the Paradise, no, it means that one should know their senses, at least, a part of everyone of them. For instance, what do you know about His Name " the Most Kind and Courteous"? what do you know about His Name" the Most Merciful"? what do you know about His Name" the Rich"? about " the All-Strong"? and about His Name" the All-Wise"? if we ask an ordinary person what do you know about His Name " the All-Wise"? he would reply: the wise means the wise, and our Lord is Wise! This means that he/she doesn't know anything about this Name! but when he/ she mentions or quotes an ayah or two, or three ayat about that name, for example, and gives enough details about it, this means that he /she knows a part of its meanings, so you should have a sufficient knowledge about His God Names in order to enter the Paradise.Abu Huraira narrated:
"Allah's Messenger said, "Allah has ninety-nine names, i.e. one-hundred minus one, and whoever knows them will go to Paradise."
(Al-Bukhari)Therefore, Allah the Great and Almighty, says:
"And He taught Adam all the names (of everything), then He showed them to the angels and said:" Tell Me the names of these if you are truthful."
One of the interpretations of this ayah, as it was mentioned, the" all names" means the best Names of Allah the Exalted and Glorious, because he (Adam) knew them, and loved them, Allah says:"And (remember) when We said to the angels:"Prostrate yourselves to Adam." They prostrated themselves (all) except Iblis (Satan) he refused."
Because he, by this knowledge, became better than you, he recognized Allah's Best (Good or Most Beautiful) Names. So, we should all get acquainted with these Best Names.Some Universal signs that manifest Allah's Kindness and beauty:
As regard the beautiful Name: 'The All-Kind ', what do you know about it? Have you any proof about the Kindness of Allah the Exalted and Glorious? Allah the Almighty says:"And you will see the mountains and think them solid, but they shall pass away as the passing away of the clouds. The Work of Allah, Who perfected all things, verily He is Well-Acquainted with what you do."
These high and steady mountains, which because of their highness and steadiness, you think them solid ! but, in fact, they are moving, they pass away like the clouds,soundlessly. Verily, this is because of Allah's Kindness. Unlike a small generator which upsets the people, or a jet plane that fills the world with its noisy roar, while the mountains, which are on the earth, and the earth moves soundlessly thirty kilometers per second, multiplied by sixty, then by another sixty, the total will be its speed per hour, an astonishing number, right! And without any sound, this (state) comes under His Name "the All-Kind", and there is another example of this, when the young child's tooth (milk teeth) starts to change, the Kind Hand of Allah starts working, the roots of this tooth begin to fade gradually, till they become loose, then this tooth is taken off naturally, throw the chewing, mixing with food, without using anesthetic, and almost without any pain. Also, the air affirms this Good Name, the water which is a tasteless colorless and non odorous material, Allah created the beauty, the flowers, the birds, the fishes, the trees, the colors, the blueness of the sky and the sea, all of these are captivating beauty which confirm the Name of Allah (the Beautiful).Among Allah's Good Names is " the All- Strong", He owns this earth on which we live, how much does it weigh? Five thousand billion billion tons, Allah the Almighty says::
" They made not a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him. And on the Day of Resurrection the whole of the earth will be grasped by His Hand and the heavens will be rolled up in His Right Hand. Glorified be He, and High be He above all that they associate as partners with Him!"
If all the habitants of the earth gather to budge a small mountain (even an inch), would they be able to do that? Surely they wouldn't. Allah the Almighty says:"And you will see the mountains and think them solid, but they shall pass away as the passing away of the clouds. The Work of Allah, Who perfected all things, verily He is Well-Acquainted with what you do."
Another universal signs that manifest the Name (The Encompassing):" They made not a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him. And on the Day of Resurrection the whole of the earth will be grasped by His Hand and the heavens will be rolled up in His Right Hand. Glorified be He, and High be He above all that they associate as partners with Him!"
Hence, what do you know about His Name "the All-Strong"? reflect on this earth, with its largeness, its mountains, deserts, plains, seas …etc, water, for example, cannot be compressed at all, if you put it inside a cubic container, they you put a plunger over it, to close it tightly, and put one hundred tons on the plunger, the water cannot ever be pressed, even a millimeter, it is totally incompressible. Also, they said: there is an area in the outer space in the universe, called the black hole, which is pulling everything near it, including light, if the earth enters it, it would be like the egg in size, and its weight still as it, five thousand billion billion tons, this means five and before it twenty one zeros, what is the sort of this great strengths ? and yet, the water cannot be compressed by the humans! This is just a hint of His Name "the All-Strong".As for His Name" the All-Rich", Our Grant is very great, we should use water according to our need, whatever a superabundant it is, and this is a religious and national duty, the Prophet [may Allah bless him and grant him peace] once did ablutions in a grove, and it was a surplus in the receptacle, so he poured it into the river and said:" May Allah profit another people by it". The Amazon 's flow is three hundred thousand cubic meters per second, and the single galaxy contains one billion million stars and planets, and the latest estimation of the number of the galaxies in universe is one million million ones! The watermelon's seed produces a watermelon plant, which gives about seventeen fruits; This is Our gift, and the seeds itself is an independent world, so what do you know about His Good Names?
Abu Huraira narrated:
"Allah has ninety-nine Names, i.e., one hundred minus one, and whoever believes in their meanings and acts accordingly, will enter Paradise; and Allah is Witr (one) and loves 'the Witr' (i.e., odd numbers)."
The Name (Allah) encompasses all the Beautiful Names:
You must see, by your heart, (or witness) a part of His Mercy, in order that you know what His Names 'the Most Merciful" means, and also a thing of His Kindness, to be certain of His Names "the Most Kind". And all the Names are names of qualities, but the word " Allah" is the Great Name of Allah, for this reason,:"Say: He is Allah (the) One", this word includes all the Good Names and it refers to The One Who exists definitely, so what is the amount of your knowledge (or information) about them? What do you know about His Name "Al-Mane'e (The Withholder, the Defender)"?If your teeth keep on growing without limit, what would happen then? Your jaw would break, and what would happen if the bones keep on growing ? this would cause a dangerous disease called "Gigantism ", that makes the man a giant, and if the hormones of growth stop working, he will be a dwarf, so Allah the Almighty is The Strainer and the Expander; Who did make the bones grow till a specific limit? Allah the Exalted and Glorious. Verily, Allah's Best Names should take a big deal of our interest (reflection), we should recognize them every day, if you know them as we have explained you will be pleased, and you will get to know Allah, the Great and Almighty. Thus, when Allah the Almighty says: "Say: "He is Allah, (the) One." The word 'Allah' encompasses all the beautiful names of Allah. In respect to His Names "the All-Wise", what do you know about it? What do you know about His Wisdom? He has created for you two eyes, not one, if you have just one eye, you would see just one dimension, you would see things in a flat surface, but by two eyes, you see the three dimensions; length, width and depth. Moreover, He has put them in two sockets (eye socket), above which are eyebrows, he has covered your eyes with eyelids and lashes, and he has created brows for them which wipe this transparent layer, to clean it from any strange things, and to protect them from conjunctivitis. Furthermore, He has enabled you to distinguish the slight difference between colors, there are one hundred and thirty million rods and cones exist in the retina, and in order to see things in a continuous manner, He has made the period of the impression of the image lasts one of fifty parts of the second. Also, who has made this ear a threshold of hearing, if this "threshold" gets more lower than its (normal) level, you would not be able to sleep because of the sound of air's impact on your face, Allah the Almighty says:"Verily, We have created all things with Qadar."
So, this threshold remains at its normal level. Also, as regards the Name of Allah: "The All-Wise": Who has created hair without nerves on your head ? He is The All-Wise, had your hair had nerves, you would have needed to be anesthetized in order to cut it. So, Allah is the All Wise, who has created this bones and joints? How could you eat it there is no joint in your palms? Who has made wrinkles on your fingers' skin? You couldn't bent them except for these wrinkles, and who has made the skin stripped on the fingers' joints? That helps you grasp(hold) things, who has created hair inside the nose, while He has not allowed it to grow inside the mouth for example? So it is very important, who did create these hands (arms) with this suitable length and make them equal in length ? the tailor measures the length just one hand, Who did make you digest your food without you feel it? Who did make the food harmonious in its color, taste, consistency..etc, the meaning of Name "the All-Wise" is very wide, we must reflect on this Name, of course besides the rest.(the Gatherer, the withholder, the Expander, the Restrainer, the Exalter, the Abaser, the Giver of honor and the Giver of dishonor...etc.)If Allah is by your side you, so can get at you ? And if He against you, who can help you?
Understanding Allah's Names is the way to achieve happiness:
" But when Allah wills a people's punishment, there can be no turning back of it, and they will find besides Him no protector."
Sometimes you see a powerful man crying loudly, who has caused him to cry? Allah the Exalted and Glorious, Allah the Almighty says:"And that it is He (Allah) Who makes (whom He wills) laugh, and makes (whom He wills) weep."
It happens that you get troubled till you burst into tears, and you are a father who has children and a wife (you should control yourself beside them), on the other side, you may feel easy and comfortable till you rejoice and laugh, so, Who has made you laugh, Who has made you weep, and Who has bestowed upon you ? He is Allah the Exalted and Glorious. Thus, if you reflect deeply on the Beautiful Names of Allah, you will be pleased with them, it is enough to say: Allah, the Most Merciful, Allah is the All -Just, if you know His Justice exactly, you would be astonished. Once, a man was circumambulating around the Ka'ba saying: O my Lord, forgive me, although I think that You will not forgive me, they asked him: what severe is your despair form Allah's Mercy, man ! he said: My sin is very awful (or atrocious), they asked him: what was it? He told them about a very terrible sin; he had broken into a house, then he had killed its owner and his son(s) and had despoiled them, and it was among the spoils a golden armour on which two lines of verse had been incised, and he felt down unconscious when he read them;If the prince and his aides wrong and the judge be unfair
So, woe, then woe then woe betide the judge from the Judge of heaven (Allah)
Another beautiful Names that show Allah's Greatness:
Do you really fear Allah? Do you really fear His Justice? Do you really fear the judgment of the Heavens (of Allah the Almighty) ? Do you fear that someone says to you: I will complain you to Allah ? do you know what does Allah's Justice mean? Allah the Almighty says:"Verily, the Seizure (punishment) of your Lord is severe and painful."
What do you about His Best Names:' the Compeller' and 'the Irresistible' ? What do you know about His Richness (Free of all needs)? How can I fear poverty and I am the servant of the Rich? when He gives, He astonishes, and He gives (provides) without measure, look at the heaven, the earth, and at all stars and planets which exist in the Heaven, He has adorned the near heaven with them, with stars and galaxies, in order to be adornment to you in this life. Hence, the talk about the Beautiful Names is very wide, and would that if everybody studies a Name amongst them then he authors for it from the signs of the universe, like His Names; the All Kind, full of love, the Most Merciful, why were these flowers created? To be eaten ! No, to be seen and smelt, from Whose love did this come? From the full of love Allah the Almighty says:"-And He is Oft –Forgiving, full of love."
The source of all the kinds of fruits is His Name "full of love", but the wheat is derived from His Name "The Nourisher", because there are two groups of foods; the essential foods that you live on like bread, for example, and the secondary food, that you consume as for pleasure, such as fruits, which is from His Name " full of love", so, He likes you, Allah the Almighty says:"And indeed We have honored the Children of Adam (i.e. mankind) and We have carried them on land and sea, and have provided them with At-Tayyibat (lawful good things), and have preferred them above many of those whom We have created with a marked preferment."
The meaning of His Name 'The Only One':
Whenever you hear this word "Allah", henceforth, be sure that it involves all the Beautiful Names, the Great Name of Allah, O Allah means O Most Gracious, O Most Merciful, O All Strong, O All- Kind, O The Judge, O the Omnipotent, O The All Determiner, O The Giver of Honor, O The Exalter, O The Bestower,… etc, "Say:"He is Allah", so have you known Allah the Exalted and Glorious? By Allah, if we reflect on the Best Names of Allah for ages, we wouldn't know just a part of them! Nevertheless, acquiring a little knowledge is better than nothing at all! Actually, He cannot be limited (by mind), we are created while He is the Creator.Now, the word "the Only One" is different from 'the One'. For example, if you say that there is one pen on the table that means there isn't anything else on the table, while the word ' the Only One' means there is not anything else with Him. so the Name ' The Only One' means that He is The One, no partner with Him, and nothing resembles Him, while the Name 'The One' means that there is no partner with Him.So, Allah is the Most Merciful and no creature has mercy like His, He is the One Who is the Most Merciful, the All –Strong, the All-Kind, no one is strong and kind like Him, "One" means One in His Names and Qualities, if there were another sides with Him, you would ask him and those sides, but He is The One and nothing before Him, nothing after Him, nothing resembles Him or similar to Him, so, no creature on the earth should be described by this word " the One", it is just for Him, the Exalted and Glorious.
And, from other side, if you reflect carefully on this word "One" you should ascertain that no doer in the universe, actually, but Allah, and no one has real existence but Allah, you should know this truth, and if you know it, you will be happy forever, and if you don't, you would be miserable forever too, if you abandon hopes from everyone except Him, what will you (naturally) abandon with these hopes? All the (bad) desires will cut off from you, then you dedicate yourself to Allah, and, by this state, you will be among those whose their hearts are clear (and pure) and see Allah in everything (everything is under His Control), and if you see Allah in everything, you will be pleased by getting closer to Him, and this is what the Sufis denoted to: At-Tawhid (Islamic Monotheism ) is a must, and the difference between the believer and nonbeliever is that the believer doesn't see but Allah, and nothing is really existent but Allah, nothing with Him, He is the Lord, the God, the Doer, the Giver, the Provider, the All-Wise, the All-Knower, the full of kindness, no one is wise except Him, no one is full of kindness but Him, all His Names are Beautiful (Good), and He is One in His Names.
What does 'The Self-Sufficient' mean:
Then Allah the Almighty says:"Allah-us-Samad [Allah the Self Sufficient Master, Whom all creatures need, (He neither eats nor drinks)]."
These Names aren't taken from another one; Allah the Almighty is Self in His Names and One in His Names, these are the ninety nine Names of Allah, that we have already mentioned, Allah is One (and Unique) in them, this means no one is ascribed as a partner to Him in them, As-Samad means that His Mercy emerges from Himself, not derived from sh3er, while as regards a man, for example, who is a senior official, who is powerful and has many authorities, he could be fired by a small notice from his superiors, is this man is considered as Samad ? no, he is dependent (needs to) on support from whom who holds a higher rank than him to stay in his job. The Self Existence of Allah is Samadi (an adjective from Samad), He is Free from all needs, but man is always in need, he needs air to live, to water, food, if he is prohibited from food, could he live then? Is he a Samad? No, he needs wife and children. So, if a man knows the monism of the existence and activity (if he believes that Allah is the Only One and the Only Doer in this universe), he will be free from his desires and fears, which are the origin of many restrictions, and when he is free from his desires and fears, he will be then a real servant of Allah. So, be a slave of Allah, and you will feel your real freedom,while the disbeliever is a slave of his desires, of his belly, of his garments, of his money. Thus, the one who is really a servant of Allah is free from every restriction caused by fear or desire, because if you believe for sure that Allah is The Only One and The Only Doer in the universe, you will not ask anyone but Him.Believing that Allah is the Only One pleases us forever:
So, the meaning of the Name "One" is very subtle, how many powers are apparently active, but it is in fact nothing, no one has power over everything but Allah. Apparently, there are two powers (powerful states) who own nuclear weapons, and seemingly, the fate of the world is their hands, Allah the Almighty says:"Say (O Muhammad[Peace be upon him]):"He is Allah (the) One."
He is the All Strong, Allah the Almighty says:"Verily, the likeness of (this) worldly life is as the water (rain) which We send down from the sky; so by it arises the intermingled produce of the earth which men and cattle eat: until when the earth is clad in its adornments and is beautified, and its people think that they have all the powers of disposal over it, Our Command reaches it by night or by day and We make it like a clean-mown harvest, as if it had not flourished yesterday !thus do We explain the Ayat (proofs, signs, evidences, lessons, verses..etc) in detail for the people who reflect."
If you see Him One (Unique) in His Names, Lordship, Qualities, Divinity, Action and Richness, you will hope no one other than Him, and you will be free from all the restrictions caused by fear and desire, this state called Al-Kashf (vision) this means that you see that everything points to Allah.And there is a sign in everything denotes that He is One
If you believe in His Oneness and get absorbed in it, you will be pleased in this life and in the Hereafter, the key of happiness is to see His Oneness, to believe that no one is like him, to believe that he has no partner, and to believe that no one resembles Him even in some of his Name. if you have such believe, you will live in so a tranquil position that is not known except by whom has tasted it. Verily, Allah gives health, intelligence, wealth, beauty to many of His servants, but He gives peace and ease only to the chosen group of believers, if the security in the believer's heart be distributed among the inhabitants of the earth, it would be enough for them, he doesn't see but Allah, doesn't hope for but Allah, and doesn't want but what is with Allah.The believer's honor is in his praying at night:
Once, a king (Caliph) came to Ka'ba and asked to meet the most famous scholar in Mecca, when he met him he (the Caliph) said to him: 'Ask me whatever you want (to fulfill them)' ! The scholar said:' By Allah, I am shy to ask them from other than Allah while and I am in His House (Ka'ba) but, can I ask you to protect me from Hell?' The caliph said: 'This is what I cannot do it.' Then that scholar said: ' then I want nothing from you'. Also, sayyidina Abu Hanifa came to Al-Mansour (who was a caliph), who said to him; O Abu Hanifa, visit us repeatedly, to enjoy your companionship and to gain your blessing, you are the great imam', He said: 'Why should I visit you while I fear you for nothing?! Doesn't anybody visit you but of his fear from you?'. So, the Name of Allah ' The Only One' means that you should see no one with Allah, and that believe that by Him, you become honored and strong. On the other hand, if you see anyone with Allah, this means that you will fear him, or hope for him and you will dissimulate for him, while when you believe everything is under the control of Allah alone, you will become honorable.So, the sign of the believer is his honor and glory, and his dignity is his standing to pray at night, and his honor is his non need of the people. Man, sometimes, lives in hope for his wife, but unexpectedly, she disappoints him, or sometimes lives in hope for his son, but he (the son) goes to Europe and marries and stays there ! this one has not comprehended the meaning of 'the Oneness', because he thought (saw) that his son is the helper and supporter. If you see Allah is One, and nothing with Him, this is a powerful deep view, although apparently you see thousands of partners with Him, but if you see Him Alone, you will be free from all restrictions; the humility, fear, dissimulation, avidness..etc, because when you believe in His Oneness, you will not obey anyone but Him, there is no obedience to a creature in the disobedience to the Creator. Also, if you believe in His Oneness, you will interest in Him only, and you will take the religion, values, bases and conceptions from Him, no other source, unlike the polytheists who consider the so and so scientist, the so and so book, the so and so publication..etc as resources for the truth, but you have only one source of facts, the Noble Qur'an and Sunna (the Prophetic Traditions),where the lawful is what Allah has ordered, and the unlawful is what Allah has forbidden. Moreover, if you believe in His Oneness, you will have the values, the regulations, the order, the measurements (standards) from Him, you will weigh people up according to their morals and knowledge, while if you adopt the human standards, you will weigh them up according to their power and wealth. Also, when you believe in His Oneness, you will live and work just to bring yourself nearer to Him, you will accept satisfactorily His religion, you will follow the sunna, you will avoid Bed'ah (everything that isn't legislated by Allah and His Prophet[p.b.u.h]), you will worship Him alone, and you will be kind and helpful to people as an expression of your love to Him. Thus, these are the results of believing in His Oneness and the meanings of His Saying:
"Say: He is Allah (the )One."
The believer's honor emerges from Tawhed:
No partner is with Him, no one is coequal to Him, and by the precise meaning of mercy; no one is Merciful other than Him, what did Prophet r Ya'qub (Jacob) say ? Allah the Almighty says:" He said:" I only complain of my grief and sorrow to Allah, and I know from Allah that which you know not."
As regards whoever goes to a rich person to complain to him, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace said:" Whoever gets sad about his worldly life, he is discontent with his Lord, and who complains an affliction (adversity) with which he was afflicted, he just complains of Allah, and who humble himself to a rich man in order to gain something from him, Allah will make two thirds of his deeds( work) fruitless, and whoever is given the Qur'an then he enter Hell (in the Hereafter), May Allah dishonor him*"
Had you believed in His Oneness you wouldn't have humbled yourself to none other than Him.And he is faulted who complains the Most Merciful to whom who is a merciless
So, the lesson here is to believe that Allah is The Only One (Who has power over the world) and no one else is like Him, while the people who have superficially understanding consider many fellows as powerful, so they fear them, while there is dignity in the heart of the believer that no one knows it but Allah, this dignity is taken from At-Tauhid (Islamic Monotheism), as it was said: (the servants of Allah have not learnt anything better than Tawhed). Therefore, the Ikhlas (At-Tauhid, the Purity) is not to be in a cell and worship there alone, Allah the Exalted and glorious doesn't want this from you, this is called a withdrawal and isolation (solitude), and flight from the life, but when you face your life's responsibilities, and be a successor of Allah in the earth, applying His religion, obeying His Order, avoiding what He has forbidden, walking in His Light and observing His Balance, you have fulfilled your humanity in this world, Allah the Almighty says:
"And (remember) when your Lord said to the angels:" Verily, T am going to place (mankind) generations after generations on earth."They said:" Will You place those who will make mischief therein and shed blood,__ while we glorify You with praises and thanks and sanctify You." He (Allah) said:" I know that which you do not know."
Whoever establishes justice (equity), is equitable with people, respects the elderly and is merciful towards the young is the man whom Allah have placed him as a successor on the earth.Who is not 'The Perfect' and 'The One' is not a God:
Some scholars said about the Noble ayah below:"Say (O Muhammad[Peace be upon him]):"He is Allah (the) One"
What does "As-Samad" mean? It means Who is the Self Sufficient Master, Whom all creatures need, (He neither eats nor drinks)] and He is free from all needs, and He is Who is intended to gain wishes, and He is asked for help in misfortunes, He does all what He wants, and commands that which He wills. He is the Most Perfect and faultless, none is above Him. So, Allah is One (Unique) in His (Good) Names, and Samadi in them, for no one partners Him in them, and His Names are derived (taken) from His Self, not from another side, this is the meaning of His Saying:"Say:"He is Allah (the) One.* Allah-us-Samad [Allah the Self Sufficient Master, Whom all creatures need, (He neither eats nor drinks)]."
So Allah has 99 beautiful Names and He is The Only One Who posses them. Some scholars said: who isn't described as a Perfect, One and Samad, cannot be a god; for example, the idols that the ancient people worshipped, and the human idols who are worshipped besides Allah are not Perfect, not One (unique) and not Samad, so they mustn't be taken as gods, but Allah the Exalted and Glorious, is the (real and only) Ilah (God), He is Perfect in His Names and He is The Only One in Them, and His Oneness necessitates the exaltation above the blemish (imperfection) of the plurality and combination.The car, for example, are combined from many parts, and as it is formed from many parts, it is not a Samad, where if you take its engine, it would stop, and if its fuel is off, it cannot move! That is because it is formed from many things, while the Samad cannot be parted and cannot be assembled, so, As-Samadiia (the quality of being Samad) is His Self Sufficiency (i.e. not need any one at all), and all the creatures need and depend on(desperately) Him, in their existence and in all their situations(states).Now, His Saying:
It is not proper to ascribe begetting to Allah:
Let's ponder over His Saying below:""He begets not, nor was He begotten.* And there is none co-equal or comparable unto Him."
Allah is Eternal, nothing was before Him, and if He was begotten, this means that one was before Him, but He begets not, nor was begotten. Man marries to have a son to help him when he become old man, and to be continuity of him after his death, but Allah is the Ever Living, the Eternal forever, so the birth isn't unsuitable to be ascribed to Him, Allah the Almighty says:3-"He begets not, nor was He begotten."
Nothing was before Him as well nothing is after Him, Allah The Almighty says"And there is none co-equal or comparable unto Him."
( Co-equal) means also to have a wife. So, nothing is similar to Him, nothing is bigger than Him that He came from.That was an explanation of As-Samad, our Lord the Almighty says:
"No son (or offspring) did Allah beget, nor is there any ilah (god) along with Him.(If there had been many gods), then each god would have taken away what he had created, and some would have tried to overcome sh3er! Glorified be Allah above all that they attribute to Him!
And He says:"And they say:" The Most Gracious (Allah) has begotten a son (or children)." Glory to Him! They [whom they call children of Allah i.e. the angels, Isa (Jesus)---son of Maryam (Mary), Uzair (Ezra)], are but honored salves."
Also Allah the Almighty says:" He is the Originator of the heavens and the earth. How can He have children when He has no wife? He created all things and He is the All-Knower of everything."
The unacceptable interpretation of the noble Qur'an:
It was reported is Sahih Muslim that:" Abu Musa reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: There is none to show more patience at listening to the most irksome things than Allah, the Exalted and Glorious.' Partnership is associated to Him (polytheism). and (fatherhood) of a child is attributed to Him, but in spite of this He protects them (people) and provides them sustenance."
So, the meaning of (He neither begets) means that nothing is after Him, and the meaning of (nor was He begotten) means nothing was before Him. Now as regard his Saying:"And there is none co-equal or comparable unto Him."
It means: There is no similarity between Him and anything at all, nothing before Him, nothing after Him, and nothing will be equal (similar) to Him. So, this is Surat, Al-Ikhlas, At-Tauhid, or At-Tajrid, and whoever reauthors it, fully comprehends it, knows that word "Allah" is the Omnibus Name of all Good Names, knows a part of their meanings, reflects on them deeply, and searches about their examples in the universe, he deserves to enter Paradise, and knows that all of these Names are Good (beautiful). Furthermore, any interpretation of the Qur'an that minimizes their significance is rejected, Allah the Almighty says:"And all the Most Beautiful Names belong to Allah, so call on Him by them, and leave the company of those who belie or deny (or utter impious speech against) His Names. They will be requited for what they used to do."
Allah is the Only One in His Beautiful Names:
Consider the following Noble Hadith:Abu Nadhra narratedthat a Companion of Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) was taken ill and his friends visited him, he wept and he was asked: for what do you weep, Abu Abdullah ? Didn't Allah's Messenger say to you"…"? he said: yes, he did, but I heard Allah's Messenger says: Verily, Allah the Great and Almighty, had taken a grip (handful) in His Right Hand then said: this is for this (i.e. to Paradise or to Hell) and I don't care, then He had taken another grip in His Other Hand, the Exalted, then said: this is for this and I don't care". So I don't know in which of these grips (handfuls) I am"
The superficial interpretation of this hadith isn't proper to Allah, that Allah before He creates the disbeliever, He wanted him to be a wretched, and He preordained that he will commit sins and be a disobedient, and when he became a disobedient (to Allah), Allah brings him to account, then enter him the Hell, this is improper interpretation, Allah the Almighty says:"And all the Most Beautiful Names belong to Allah, so call on Him by them, and leave the company of those who belie or deny (or utter impious speech against) His Names. They will be requited for what they used to do."
Actually, there is another interpretation, that by His Eternal Knowledge, He knew that these people will be righteous good ones and those people will be disbelievers, and, of course, their fate is Hell.So, you should know the Most Beautiful (Good) Names of Allah, and know that He is One (Only, Unique) in His Names, and Samadi in them, nothing is before Him and nothing is after Him, and if you be sure about them (know their meanings duly) you will hope for none but Him, you will direct to no one but Him, you will worship Him alone, you will dedicate yourself to Him, and you will be pleased by getting closer to Him, for He has created you in order to make you happy, this is the purpose of your creation.
